新疆罗布泊地区凝结水试验   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

孙自永  余绍文  周爱国  张俊  刘德良  杨丽 《地质科技情报》2008,27(2):91-96

采用称重法,在高含盐量的罗布泊北部凹地首次进行了凝结水的野外监测,根据监测数据分析了罗布泊地区凝结水的生成规律.研究结果表明罗布泊存在凝结水;2005年7月、10月、12月3次监测时期里日均凝结水量分别为0.293,0.127,0.275 mm;凝结水来源于空气中的水气和深部土壤水分;发生的时间基本在晚上22∶00至次日凌晨8∶00;影响凝结水产生的主要因素为近地面大气温度与地表土壤温度差、空气相对湿度、冻结期等,土壤的高含盐量也有利于凝结水的生成.  相似文献   

Geographies of Displacement: The Karenni and The Shan Across The Myanmar-Thailand Border   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Carl Grundy-Warr  & Elaine Wong Siew Yin 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2002,23(1):93-122

First, central to our analysis is the argument that human movement within and across borders fundamentally challenges the view of geopolitics based upon fixed territorial states, inter-state relations, national identities and citizenship; indeed the whole idea of "national geographic". Using the examples of the Karen and Shan peoples, we explore the processes and patterns of forced relocation, displacement and migration in the border regions of Myanmar and Thailand. Our main concern is with forced displacement as a result of political and ethnic conflict; specifically, how the Burmese military regime's desire for "national unity" within Myanmar's "national space" has influenced the militarily inspired displacements of hundreds of thousands of villagers and civilians within the border zones inhabited mostly by so-called "national minorities". We examine the particular problems of the so-called "internally displaced persons" within "national" boundaries compared with the "refugees" and "undocumented migrants" who make it across "international" space into Thailand. We illustrate the ways displaced people are represented by state agencies and the media as "threats" and "transgressors". We consider some of the "long term" aspects of the displacement problem along the Myanmar-Thai border and the vital contribution geographers can make to the study of displacement.  相似文献   

使用ECMWF集合预报数据集估计全球季节平均气候异常的潜在可预报性          下载免费PDF全文

文彩虹  杨修群 《气象科学》2003,23(4):379-391

利用ECMWF PROVOST项目产生的在给定海表温度强迫下的150(1979～1993)季节集合预报数据集，分析揭示了季节平均气候异常潜在可预报性的全球分布。首先，利用可再现的强迫模态重建集合资料场，在Kolmogorov-Smirnov(K-S)检验的基础上定义潜在可预报性指数PU^k，然后，将重建场的PU^k与重建场贡献于集合平均的方差比结合，提出了定量估计局地潜在可预报性的指数PI。以全球850hPa温度季节平均异常场为例，对PI进行定量计算表明：不仅大部分热带地区，而且热带外一些地区的季节平均气候异常具有潜在可预报性，主要分布在北美、南非和亚洲部分季风区；全球大部分潜在可预报地区主要受ENSO型强迫控制，而部分温带地区如中国华北、中亚、北美南部主要受非ENSO型强迫控制；局地潜在可预报性具有季节性，夏季可预报性较强，冬季较弱。通过与其他几种估计季节潜在可预报性的方法进行比较表明，本文提出的PI方法能更好地把热带外地区受外强迫控制的可预报信号提取出来。  相似文献   

孟加拉湾季风爆发对南海季风爆发的影响Ⅰ:个例分析   总被引：11，自引：4，他引：11       下载免费PDF全文

刘屹岷  陈仲良  毛江玉  吴国雄 《气象学报》2003,61(1):1-9

利用南海季风试验分析场和NCAR向外长波辐射通量(OLR)资料研究了1998年孟加拉湾季风和南海季风爆发期间副热带环流的大尺度和天气尺度特征,探讨了孟加拉湾季风爆发与南海季风爆发之间的物理联系及孟加拉湾季风气旋的对流凝结潜热释放对副热带高压“撤出”南海的影响。结果表明,1998年5月爆发的东亚季风展现出典型的从孟加拉湾地区东传发展到南海地区的过程。随着孟加拉湾季风爆发和对流活动增强、北移,南海北部出现了低层西风和对流活动,领先于副热带高压在南海地区减弱和撤退。结果还显示南海北部地区的对流凝结加热有助于该地区经向温度梯度的反转,在热成风关系的制约下南海上空副热带高压脊面的垂直倾斜由冬季型转向夏季型,季风爆发。  相似文献   

陕西勉略宁地区金、多金属矿产控矿条件及成矿模式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

《陕西地质》1997,(2)

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The Confirmation of a New Type of Chondrites and Their Cosmochemical Significance     

侯渭 《中国地球化学学报》1996,15(2):100-104

The data available show that some Antarctic carbonaceous chondrites are similar to Cl meteorites.Tehy contain a lot of phyllosilicate aggregates and the oxygen isotopic composition of the whole-rock samples is approximate to that of C1 chondrites,so they are named after quasi-C1(Q-C1)chondrites Unlike Cl metcorites,the Q-Cl chondites possess chondrule structrue,and the compositions of hih temperature condensates(chondrule fragments,mineral grains or aggregates)show that the oxygen fugacity varied within a wide range in the surroundings where they were formed,similar to the variation range from E.H.L,LL to C group chondrites.It is inferred that the Q-C1 chondrites could be formed at the edges far from the equator in the whole asteroid region of the solar nebular disk.where the nebula was lower in density and the condensates were lower in accretion velocity,so that the hydration of chon drules and matrix occurred during the late stage of nebular condensation.The discovery of the Q-Cl chondrites and the fact that the earth and other terrestrial planets contain water indicate that at the edges far from the equator in the terrestrial reigion of the solar nebular disk,a large amount of water was incorporated into the lattice of minerals in the condensates as a result of hydration during nebular condensation,and then found its way into the interior parts of the Earth and other terrestrial planets due to accretion.  相似文献   

Soil-structure interaction analysis of the Hualien containment model     

Todor Ganev  Fumio Yamazaki  Tsuneo Katayama  Teruyuki Ueshima 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》1997,16(7-8):459-470

This paper presents results from forced vibration tests, microtremor observations and earthquake response analysis of a nuclear reactor containment model constructed on stiff soil in Hualien, Taiwan. The dynamic behavior of the soil-structure system is simulated successfully with two numerical models: a sway-rocking model, whose soil parameters are evaluated on the basis of the continuum formulation method, and a finite element model, using the program SASSI with the flexible volume substructuring approach. The dependences of the soil parameters of both models on the amplitudes of the different dynamic excitations are investigated in detail. An original numerical simulation of microtremor is performed. Comparison with results of a previous study involving a rigid tower on a soft soil site in Chiba, Japan is offered.  相似文献   

Caractéristiques et signification d'un niveau coquillier majeur à brachiopodes,marqueur événementiel dans l'évolution dévonienne de la Saoura (Sahara du Nord-Ouest,Algérie)     

Abdelkader Ouali Mehadji  Serge Elmi  Patrick Rachebœuf  Larbi Mekahli 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(14):1283-1292

In the Saoura, the brachiopod shell beds, so-called niveau coralligène, correspond to a major shell deposit dated to the Late Emsian. Brachiopods and crinoids dominate the benthic assemblage that contains also corals, bryozoans, trilobites, goniatites, and orthocones. This major level has a large geographic distribution and it is characterized by a wide brachiopod diversity due to time-averaging, taphonomic feedback and alternate bottom conditions changing from soft to shelly and firm. This kind of brachiopod association is linked to a transgressive onlap system. At regional extent, we can correlate this major shell bed to similar shell deposits from the Ahnet-Mouydir, Tindouf, and Zemmour areas. It indicates an important transgressive event underlined by change in the sedimentation from detritic deposits to carbonate sediments. To cite this article: A. Ouali Mehadji et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).  相似文献   

River evaporation,condensation and heat fluxes within a first‐order tributary of Catamaran Brook (New Brunswick,Canada)          下载免费PDF全文

Daniel Caissie 《水文研究》2016,30(12):1872-1883

Stream temperature plays an important role in many biotic and abiotic processes, as it influences many physical, chemical and biological properties in rivers. As such, a good understanding of the thermal regime of rivers is essential for effective fisheries management and the protection aquatic habitats. Moreover, a thorough understanding of underlying physical processes and river heat fluxes is essential in the development of better and more adaptive water temperature models. Very few studies have measured river evaporation and condensation and subsequently calculated corresponding heat fluxes in small tributary streams, mainly because microclimate data (data collected within the stream environment) are essential and rarely available. As such, the present study will address these issues by measuring river evaporation and condensation in tributary 1 (Trib 1, a small tributary within Catamaran Brook) using floating minipans. The latent heat flux and other important fluxes were calculated. Results showed that evaporation was low within the small Trib 1 of Catamaran Brook, less than 0.07 mm day^?1. Results showed that condensation played an important role in the latent heat flux. In fact, condensation was present during 34 of 92 days (37%) during the summer, which occurred when air temperature was greater than water temperature by 4–6 °C. Heat fluxes within this small stream showed that solar radiation dominated the heat gains and long‐wave radiation dominated the heat losses. © 2015 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada. Hydrological Processes. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Large Eddy Simulation on Interaction Between in-Line and Cross-Flow Oscillation of A Circular Cylinder     

黄智勇  Carl M.LARSEN 《中国海洋工程》2010,(4)

This paper discusses numerical results from three-dimensional large eddy simulations of an oscillating cylinder under prescribed movements in uniform flow. Six cases,namely pure in-line,pure cross-flow and two groups of 'Figure of Eight' oscillation patterns are under investigation at Reynolds number Re=24000. The 'Figure of Eight' pattern in each group is with identical shape but opposite orbital directions. The numerical results on hydrodynamic forces,higher order force components,and vortex shedding mode...  相似文献